Concrete building construction.



E. A. TUCKER. CONCRETE BUILDING CONSTRUCTION. APPLICATION FILED D-ECJ. 19H.

1,244,663. I Patented Oct. 30,1917.

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s ams tat of retaining Patented Application filed December 7,1$ 1'1." Seria1 1\To. 664,341;-

To all whom it mag concern Be; it known that I, EDWARD A. TUCKER; a citizen'of thefUnited States, and "aresi dent of Winchester, county of Middlesex,

Commonwealth of Massachusetts, (whose post-ofiice address is 683 Atlantic avenue,-

Boston, Massachusetts,-) have invented an Improvement in Gonc'rete'Building' Gonstructions, of which the following description, in connection'with theaccompanyingc drawlngs, is a specification, like characters on the" drawings representing like parts.

This invention relates to concrete build ing construction and consists more'particu larly in the provision of improved methods and means for molding portions of a conf crete structure such, for example; as the {lokor panels, beams,rwa'lls, columnsand the 1e. fl In the moldingof concrete floors it has been usual to provide wooden or, in some cases, metallic forms. These are expensive to erect and costly in themselves, and, when the structure is complete, "must be removed; or, if left in place, they constitute dead weight without adding to the strength offth structure. One object of the present inve'n tionis the provision of a' previously molded form, preferably of concrete, which canbe used in place of thewooden'or'inetal form, thereby saving a large partofthe present cost of erectlng complete Wooden forms. Such molded form,'moreover, can not only be'left in position after the structure is com plete, but can bejsobonded to the therein molded part of the structure as toforni a componentand integral part ofthe mono lith, contributing to the strength, and load-,. sustaining capacity thereof. 'Such" molded forms are preferably reinforced andcan be manufactured in 'portable-l'form, suitable to withstand shipment to distant points from the place of production, and may be madein units of such size as to be adapted for a large variety of commercial purposes, f

;In the common construction of a mono-1 lithic floor panel where it is required to core outportions of thematerial below'the neutral axis of the floor slab and betweenfthe reinforced ribs'on the under side of the floor, for the purpose *ofQremoving dead weight from the slab, such "molded "forms may be constructed "to constitute at the samej'time forms and cores for the floor slab, and; thereby avoid'the'u'se of cores oftileorfother ma a's so' muchdead weight. c c 7 1 v The invention will be best understood by referenceto the "following descriptiomwhen taken in connection with the accompanying illustration of one specific embodiment thereof, whilei'ts'scope will be=more particularly pointed out in' the appended claims) i Inthe'drawings: f Figure l is a perspective. viewfpartly in terial, which remain in the completed floor section, showing the application ofjone form oftheinverition to aQcored out floor panel,

where theribs run twodirections at r ght angles to each other,

ig, 2, is a section in elevation; taken form inembers; c y I Fig."3'isasimilarisection, taken in a plane atright angles to thesection' of Fig. 2;; and Fig. lis a detail iew showing one of the fillerblocksf I V g 1 Referring to the embodiment of the invention" selected for illustration, and first moreparticularly to- Figsyl'tocet inclusive, I have thereshown', itsfapplicationfto the formation of afloor panel comprising the slab 1, having the reinforced ribs 2 on its under side and the reinforced cross ribs 3 extending at right angles thereto, intermeg diate'portionsof thennderside of the slab being cored-out "to remove the dead weight of*concretetherefrom.'-

length wisefthrough one of 1 the upperv core 9 A"floor panel' of'this'type is ordinarily molded by means of awoodenfor m' 'whichis carefully built up to form the under side of the slab and false to provide the box-like core portions; or thecoresmay be provided byfineans of'cast'or molded blocks or tile orl met aljblocks, which'rest'directly upon a woode1rfom. V f *f] HereinfI have provided a'series of corec forms, which, having been previou's ly molded out ofcencreteand allowed to harden, are

formed by the, assemblageef 1 a lowerf core c 1 form membenhaving the bottom 5 and"up form members maybemade in a11y-required= length to suit different conditions, but in the illustrative form each upper core form m'em ber has four faces 7 (Fig. 2.), which cooperate respectively withfour separate lower" core-form members to .form four bOX llkQ' core units, longitudinally separated by the U-shaped depressions, the side walls 8' and bottom wall 9 of which constitute rib-formingwalls for the transverse ribs 3.

The bottoms 5 of the lower core-form members are extended at each side to form flanges 10, and these are of such a width that when the adjacent units. are assembled with the edges of the flanges in abutment, as shown, the sides 6 of adjacent units with the flangeslO constitute rib-forming walls for the longitudinal ribs 2. I f 7 Any suitable support or arrangement of supports may be utilized for the described core forms, dependent upon the dimensions and shape of the latter, but herein pairs of adjacent ledger boards 4 are provided,,run+ ning in the direction of the flanges 10, and solocatedthat each, flange rests upon the upper edge of an underlying supporting board 4. V a

To fill in the space between the flanges 10 and the bottom walls of the upper, form member the flanges 10 maybe prolonged beyond the sides 6. or the wa-lls19 maybe provided with lateral extensions or feet to fill such spaces. Herein, however, separate form filling blocks-9 are employed (see Fig. l) of a size suitable to fill theintervening space. To supportthe weight of, the concrete when applied to the form such blocks may be sustained in any desired way, but herein they are shown as provided oneach edge with an angle piece 10 embedded in the block and having a projecting part adapted to reston the top of adjacent faces 9 or 10 and be sustained thereby.

The core-forms are preferably reinforced so as to be capable of transportationand shipment, as well as to be self-supporting when assembled and to supporttheir'own weight and the weight ofthe concrete when poured thereon while. atthe-sametime spanning an appreciable or substantial. space between the supports on which they rest. In the illustrated embodiment of the invention transverse reinforcement ll is provided for the bottom 5 and the flanges 10 ofthelower core form, longitudinal reinforcement. 12 for the faces? of the uppercore form,.and both longitudinal and upright reinforcement 13 for the sidesv 8 of the Ushaped depressions andthe sidesfi of the lower member.

These core-forms may be ma'deat a'distanceand shipped tothepointtof use. They may be formed of. cement, with or without 'crushedstone oraggregates, the term concrete as used herem including not only mixtures of cement with a large proportion of aggregates, but also cement alone with little or no aggregates.

floor slab, and preliminarily applying there to a thin grout before introducing the major part of the concrete material, or utilizing any other welleknown means for accomplishing the same end, thepreviously molded core forms may be sobonded to thefreshly molded part of they slab 'as to constitutean integral partthereof, and supply a portion of the load-sustaining material of the slab. Whereidesired, the core forms maybe constructed omittingythe bottom pieces 5 so that theunder side ofthe ceiling has a paneled effect, but iirthe formshown the completed floor slab presents a, smooth under side, with air spaces between the ribs where the cores have been used. This forms a'floor slab of given strength withthe minimum amount of concrete material and at the lowest possible expense. ,7 j

, The same, principle of utilizing concrete forms may be employed in molding a floor beam, or v any other structural element. In Fig.1, I have shown a floor. beam 14, which borders the floor slab 1, such floor. beamhaving a form consisting I of:v the previously molded concrete sides 15 and the. bottom memberlG, which latter may be of wood, metal or concrete. The: sides are provided with upper. flanges 15 with which the edges of the flanges 10v of adjacent core .forms are brought into. abutment.

In the instance submitted; for illustration the floor panel is bordered on-each of its four sides by a beam like thebeam 14, there being containedbetween these beams a suit able number (such, for example, as eight) rows of core units, each row comprising eight core units assembled from two upper core members 7 ,with' the corresponding eight lower- .core members. Myv invention, however, is independent of the particular number or assemblage of the core-units, these factors varying .inpractice with the dimensions of. the paneland other conditions. I

Toassistyin assembling thecore-form members suitable fasteningsniay be employed if desired, andin Fig. ,1, I have shown. metal strips or wires'17, embedded; in the upper edgesof the sides 6. fonthe lower form member, suchstrips having freeprojecting ends which ma be wrapped about or. fastened to pins-1 or other suitable members embedded in the'overlying faces 7 of the upper core form member.

With-the constructionshown mFig; 1

the ceiling may, be; left unplastered if devention are merely examples of the many sired, the resulting surface being substantially smooth and unbroken.

By arranging the reinforcement for the considerably increased without the necessity of additional reinforcement for the slab.

While I have describedmy invention as applied to a floor construction employing the additionally molded slab portion 1 which, in conjunction with the top faces of the core-forms, constitutes the floor slab, in certain cases the additionally molded slab portion might be omitted entirely, as, for example, in house construction where suitable reinforced top faces of the core-forms with the subsequently molded material which bridges these faces might be relied upon to constitute the floor slab.

It is obvious that previously molded hardened forms similar to those employed for molding the sides of the beams 14 might be employed for molding upright columns as well as other structural elements.

The illustrative embodiments of the indifferent ways in which the same principle can be applied. In both cases, however, it will be seen that the previously molded units constitute forms for molding the floors, beams or other structural elements.

Where used for molding the floor slab as described, such units also constitute cores 7 for coring out the dead weight of the floor slab below the neutral axis and between the intervening reinforced ribs. More wood or other material may be required in some instances than in the cases illustrated to support the molded core forms where different dimensions or different types of forms are employed, but the amount of wood and expense of preparing the forms in any event may be made less than with the previously employed wooden or metallic forms.

While I have herein shown and described for purposes of illustration one specific form of the invention, it is to be understood that the same is submitted for illustrative purposes only and that extensive deviations maybe made therefrom without departing from the spirit'of the invention.

Claims: o 1. A concrete floor construction for a floor slab including a plurality of integral, reinforced concrete members having each a plurality of substantially fiat slabforming faces with intervening rib-forming depressions adapted to form ribs in one direotion, said members being separated to form ribs in the opposite direction, and other concrete form members presenting a depressed, U-shaped formation between said slab forming faces to cooperate with the first mentioned members to provide forms for the said oppositely directed ribs, and a, subsequently molded slab constituting a monolith with said core-form members, said first-named concrete members constituting both forms to be supported at their ends to span a substantial space and sustain the Weight of the intervening concrete when poured and a core to core out the dead weight from the fiat slab.

2. A concrete floor construction for a floor slab including a plurality of integral, reinforced concrete members having each a plurality of substantially flat slab-forming faces with intervening rib-forming depressions adapted to form ribs in one direction, said members being separated to form ribs in the opposite direction, and other concrete form members to cooperate withthe firstmentioned members and comprising each upright sides and projecting flanges, the flanges of adjacent members approaching each other to provide With said sides the forms for said oppositely directed ribs and comprising also bottom walls separated from said slab members by said upright sides and adapted to form a flat ceiling, and a subsequently molded slab constituting a monolith with said core-form members, said first-named concrete members constituting both forms to be supported at their ends to span a substantial space and sustain'the weight of the intervening concrete when poured and a core to core out the dead weight from the flat slab. Q

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EDWARD A. TUCKER. Witnesses:

ROBERT H. KAMMLER, F. IRENE CHANDLER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

' Washington, D. G. 

